Welding or cutting torch.



J. B. BURDETT.

WELDING 0R CUTTING TORCH.

APPLICATION FILED DEG. 24, 1910.

1,002, 36. Patented Aug. 29, 1911.

xv l

STATES PATENT-OFFICE."

To all it may concern.

ioim 3.- swi or 'cm'cxeo, ILLINOIS, Assrenon 'ro narrower. rnnomrrc serum, or cnrcneo, rumors, a conronmron or wnrnme on c1r.u|ri:uev roncn.

n'nnawann.

' Be it known-that I, JOHN B. BURnE'rr, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, county of Cook, .State of Illinois,

have made a certain new and useful Invention in Welding .or' Cutting Torches, of which the following is a specification.

The invention relates to torches for weldingand cutting purposes, and particularly to torches of the class employinga combustible gas, such for instance as acetylene mixed with oxygen, and. wherein the acetylene is delivered to the torch nipple by suetion produced by the delivery 0 the oxygen under higher pressure, to produe the weldor cutting flame.

he object of the invention is to produce a torch of the character referred to which'is simple structure wherein the tip simple in structure and eflicient in operation. v w I A further object is to provide a device of or nozzle portion of the torch may be readily removed and another substituted according to the character of the work to be done.

;A further object is to insure a roper proportioning of the relative gas supp y and chamber areas without depending upon" the care and jud ent of workmen in assembling the parts 0 the torch.

Other objects of the invention will appear more fully hereinafter.

The invention consists substantially in the construction, combination, location and relative arrangement of parts, all as will be more fully hereinafter set forth, as shown in the accompanying drawing, and finally pointed out-in the appended claims.

Referring to the accompanying drawing, and to the various views and reference signs appearing thereon, Figure 1 is a broken View in central longitudinal section of a welding torch embodying the'principles of my invention. Fig. 2 is a similar'view, the plane of section being at right angles to that of Fig. 1. Figs. 3 and are views similar to Fig. 1 showing modified forms of torch embodying the principles of my invention.

ber in which the mixture and oxygen takes place, for each particular class of work to be done, and to vary this relation of oxygen supply and mixing channel areas according to various classes of work. In order to provide means whereby the same torch, as a whole is adapted for;

various classes or kinds of work it has been proposed to make the burner nipple or ti part removable and replaceable, and substitutmg a nipple or tipin which the size of the area of mixing channel, or another havmg 'af diiferent relative proportion of these areas; Qne important difliculty encountered in carrying out this idea has been found to parts constituting the nip 1e or tip portion of the torch, so as to get the right partsfor jections rfoted, insures'the proper =admixreadily manufactured, which is removable and replaceable, and which avoids the possibility of an improper assemblage of parts.

havingv passages B, C, therein. Delivering to the passage B is a connection D with a under pressure. Delivering to the passage source of gas supply, in this instance acetylene! The head or cap A is providedwith ber F is provided with a plane flat end surface 6, centrally through "which the oxygen passage B delivers into the chamber F. The

of the acetylene the oxygen passage bears a hen relation to thearticular class of .work to be done.

for the particular work required,

tureof the gases, which can be easily and.

source of gas supply, .in this instance oxygen Specification of mtm'rmne P te t Aug 1 i Application flled- December 24, mo. 8er1a1No.:598, 191.

be the danger of assembling the various present invention to provide alconstruction of torch tip or nozzle, which avoids the ob- In the drawing A designates a cap or head I C, isv a pipe orother connection E from a \"a chamber F, see Fi 3, which is interiorly screw-threaded as in icated at 5. The chamacetylene passage C, also delivers into the I chamber F is not of material consequence the plu 9,

rear end of the tip 7.

and I have shown said point of communicati onat' different locations in the several views of the drawing. J I I The ni ple or tip portion of thejorch may be 0? various constructlons, w1th1n the spirit and scope of my invention.

In Figs. 1 and-12 this ti indicated at 7 and comprises a threade shank portion 8, adapted to be screwed into the interiorly threaded portion of the cap 'A. The inner flat end surface of the tip bear against thefiat wal surface 6,-at the base of the chamber of the head. A threaded plug 9, is screwed lon 'tudinally into the 'ngitudinally and centrally through the lug 9 is formed a duct or, channel 10. T is duct or channel 10, when the tip is screwed home into the threaded chamber of head A, communicates with the oxygen delivery passage B. -At its front end the bore or duct 10 of lug 9, is reduced to a very fine area, as in lcated'at 11,

to constitute an injector'nozzle. The-body of the tip 7, is provided with a longitudinal centrally arranged channel 12 which extends to the extreme end 13, of the tip and, preferably, is of uniform area throughout its length. The nozzle 11 of reduced area of projects-into the inner end of the channe 12. I

In the forms shown in Figs. 1 and 2 the shank of the tip 7 is annularly grooved as shown at 14,;the passa e C for the acetylene connnunicating with the annular groove 14. The body of theti 7 is rovided with ducts 15, 16, extending roin t e annular channel 14 .to the longitudinal channel 12 extending a slightly modified structure of threaded.

through the tip 7. In the form shown in Fig. 1 the ducts 15 deliver into the channel 12 at a point closely adjacent the nozzle 11 of reduced area of the .bore 10 of plug 9,

.while the ducts 16 deliver from the annular channel 14 into the tip channel 12 at a point considerably removed from the nozzle 11, andcloser toward the extreme end 13 of the tip.

If desired the body of the tip 7 may be provided with an annular shoulder 17 ar ranged when the tip is screwed into the chamber 'F, to !abut; against the outer end wall 18 of head-A.

In Fig. 4 I have shown the tip 7 with shank. In this construction I omit the plug 9, in the inner end of the shank of the tip, and'in lieu thereof I form a bore 19.long1- tudinally in the inner end of the shank of the tip, and into which the oxygen passage B delivers, this passage 19 terminating in a portion of reduced area as indicated-at 20 forming a nozzle or injector which delivers 7 is designed to 'into the longitudinal channel 12 of the up.

In this construction also the interiorly threaded portion of the chamber of the cap is formed at the outer end of said chamber,

and the threaded portion of the shank of tip 7, is next adjacent the bearing annular shoulder 17, and doesnot extend to the extreme inner. end of said shank portion. In the construction shown in'Fig. 4 the shank .of the tip, intermediate the threaded portion thereof and its extreme inner end, is formed with the annular channels 21 with which communicates the acetylene passage C. These annular channels 21 are shown as provided with angularwalls through which the ducts 22, 23, are formed, corresponding,

, respectively, with the'r ducts 15, 16, of the structure 'shownin Figs. 1 and 2. The'advantage of the specific structure'shown 1n Fig. 4 lies in the facility in manufacture in forming the ducts 22, 23, which deliver from the channels '21 into the ti channel 12.

In Fig. 31 have shown 'anot er modified structure embraced within the scope of my invention wherein the tip 24, corresponding in some respects with the tip 7 'of the construction shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 4, is pro-' vided with a longitudinal channel 25 throughout its entire length, which is of uniform area throughout. This tip is threadedinto the interiorly threaded portion 5 of the chamber F of head A. Interposed between the flat end surface 26 of the tip 24, and the-flat end wall 6 of chamber F is a plug 27. In this plug is formed a channel 28 registering with the oxygen passage B, and having a nozzle part 29 of reduced area to form an injector The reduced nozzle portion delivers into a longitudinal channel'30 formed centrally through the plug 27 in longitudinal continuation of channel 29 and registering with the central longitudinal-channel 25 in thetip 24. The,

munic'atesthe acetylene passage 0. The plug 27 ;is also provided withthe inclined ducts 32, 33 corresponding, respectively, with ductsrl5, 16, of Figs. 1 and 2, and 22, 23, of Fig. 4, the ducts 32 delivering from the annular channel 31 into the longitudinal channel 30 of plug 27, at a point closely adjacent the nozzle 29, while tne ducts 33- deliver from the annular channel 31, to the longitudinal bore 30 at'a point farther removed from the nozzle 29.v

From the foregoing description it willbe seen that my invention embraces the idea of a plurality of ducts or passages delivering from the source of acetylene to a longitudinal channel formed throughthe tip portion of the torch, and which constitutes the mixing channel for the gases employed to produce-the welding or. cutting flame at the extremity 13 of the tip. It will also be seen Located of the acetylene. commumcate with the mixing channe at diflerent thereof, some of said cts delivering to the mixing channel at a oint closely adjacent the injector nozzle t rou h which the oxygen is supplied'to the mixing chamber.

It is noted that the portion 30 of the bore of plug 27, in the form shown in Fig. 3, constitutes an extension of the mixing channel. In operation the. oxygen under higher pressure is delivered to the mixing channel through the injector nozzle at a point closely adjacent the delivery ends of the inclined ducts communicating with a source of acetylene and consequently the flow of oxygen under higher pressure through the inector nozzle serves to draw or aspirate the acetylene into the mixing channel andto carry the acetylene along with it.

Experience has demonstrated that under conditions of ractical operation oxygen and acetylene ear a .peculiar relation to each other when combined for the urpose of producing intense flame for wel ing or cutting urposes. Apparently there 1sa strong a ity between these gases whereby the acetylene is drawn into close proximity to the oxygen but not into an intimate mixture therewith. Apparently there is a surface repulsionof the two gases the onefor the other which tends to prevent and retard the eflicient mixing thereof, and an efiicient mixture of the gases is necessary in order to Iproduce the best' results in a torch for we ding or cutting purposes. In accordance with the principles of my invention the relation of the inclined ducts 15, 22, 32, as shown and described, with reference to the injector nozzle through which the 0 gen is supplied is such as to impel an 5% cient mixlng o the gases. But to insure a thorough mlxing of the gases the ducts 16, 23, 33, deliver acetylene to the mixing channel at a point removed toward the extremity of the tip with reference to the injector nozzle, and all of the ducts, referred to, be-

ing inclined, a rolling action, initiated at the injector nozzle, and continued by the delivery of acetylene through the ducts at a point remote from the nozzle, is imparted to the gases, thereb resulting in an eflicient mixture thereof:

In devices of the nature referred to, various classes of work require various conditions of the welding or cutting flame, that is, varying conditions of relative proportions of the oxygen and acetylene. An excess of oxygen for particular kinds of work is injurious to the material being operated on and an excess of acetylene in other kinds of work is equally objectionable. In order that the same torch as a whole, may be employed, for different kinds of work, the tip portion is made removable and replaceable,

points in thelengthvarying the relative supp I one or t &

cording to the [particular work in hand.

A device em odying the principles of my invention, as above described, affords a very simple removable and replaceable tip capable of bein quires no ill or judgment in assembling manufactured and which reand which, therefore may be employed, re-

moved and replaced by ordinary workmen without danger of improper assembling.

The tOI'GhCOIlStI'IlOtlOIl embodying my in vention is equally well adapted for welding and for cutting purposes. The controlling difference in the use of the device for the onel'or the other of these purposes is the dif.

ference in oxygen supply, or the pressure under which it may be supplied. By merely y or pressure of the oxygen the device may be used for the e other purpose.

Havin now set forth the object and nature 0 my invention, and various structures embodying the principles thereof, what I claim as new and useful, and of my own invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is,-'

1. A torch including a chambered head, a tip removably secured in said head, and provided with a mixing channel, means for delivering a high pressure and a low pressure 5 to the mixing channel of the tip, inclu ing an injector nozzle for the high pressure gas, said tip having a plurality of ducts or passages, all communicating with the low pressure gas supply anddelivering therefrom into the mixingchan'nel of the tip, said ducts or passages communicating with the mixing channel at different points removed from each other in the direction of the length of the mixing channel.

2. A torch including a chambered head, having passages delivering to the chamber thereof from sources of gas supply, a tip with an injector nozzle of reduced area communicating with one ofsaid passages, and having a mixin channel into which the injector nozzle de Wars, and also having a duct communicating with the other of said passages and delivering to the mixing channel at a point closely adjacent the point of delivery of the injector nozzle, said tip havlng another duct also deliverin from said last mentioned passage to the mixing channel at a. point removed from the point of delivery of the injector nozzle.

3. A torch having a head provided with a chamber and passages communicating presenting a flat bearing surface, a tip re- 70 ne ,may be employed in the same torch acmixing channel and, a ductcommunicating with said channel and with one of said gas supply passages, said tip portion also formed with an annular channel communicating with the other of said gas supply passages,

and also with a plurality of ducts deliver-n ing from said annular channel to the mix ing channel at various points removed from ea lzh other lengthwise of said mixing chan-' ne 4. A torch comprising a cap or head having high pressure and low pressure gas supply passages, and a chamber to wh1ch said passages deliver, a removable tip secured in said chamber and provided with a plug seated in the end thereof, said lug having a longitudinal Bore and communicating with y the high pressure gas supply passage, said into the mixing channel at a bore terminating in a nozzle of reduced" area, said tip having an annular channel communicating-with the low pressure gas supply channel, said tip having a'longitudina channel forming a mixing channel into which the nozzle delivers, and also having a duct delivering from the annular 'chan-'' nel to the mixing channel adjacent to the point of delivery of the nozzle therein, and p a duct delivering from the annular channel point removed from the point of-delivery of the nozzle.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the resence'of the subscribing- 

